Jiten beta

indicates possessive ; nominalizes verbs and adjectives ; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases ; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion ; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis ; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

電(でん)子(し)

| x19 | Rank #8,058

electron ; electronic

書(しょ)籍(せき)化(か)

| x4 | Rank #29,798

novelizing; novelising; adapting a movie, game, etc. into a book

に

| x18517 | Rank #5

at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although

際(さい)する

| x4 | Rank #18,703

to arrive; to come to pass

仕(し)様(よう)

| x25 | Rank #7,999

way; method; means; resource; remedy ; (technical) specification

上(うえ)

| x204 | Rank #187

above; over; up ; top; summit; upper part; head (e.g. of a staircase) ; surface; on (top of) ; the above (in a piece of writing); earlier part ; superior; better; higher (position, rank, etc.); upper (class) ; elder; older; senior ; with respect to ...; in terms of; as far as ... is concerned; when (e.g. drunk) ; besides ...; in addition to ...; on top of ...; as well as ... ; after ...; upon ...; on ...; with (e.g. full awareness); as a result of ... ; since ...; now that ...; because ...

都(つ)合(ごう)

| x12 | Rank #1,734

circumstances; condition; convenience ; arranging; managing ; lending money; raising money ; in all; in total; all told

により

| x28 | Rank #1,494

according to; by (means of); due to; because of

一(いち)部(ぶ)

| x83 | Rank #1,344

one part; one portion; one section ; one copy (of a book); (one) complete set (of books)

漢(かん)字(じ)

| x6 | Rank #6,664

kanji; Chinese character

が

| x23418 | Rank #4

indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn

略(りゃく)

| x3 | Rank #11,920

abbreviation; omission ; outline; gist ; plan; strategy; scheme

字(じ)体(たい)

| x3 | Rank #51,327

form of a character (e.g. simplified, traditional) ; type; typeface; font

で

| x6390 | Rank #36

at; in ; at; when ; by; with ; within; in ; and then; so ; and; then ; let me tell you; don't you know

ルビ

| x3 | Rank #42,408

ruby ; ruby character; small hiragana or katakana readings of kanji usually above or to the side of the kanji (esp. used by printers and in ref. to printed material) ; Ruby (programming language)

および

| x3 | Rank #4,445

and; as well as

記(き)号(ごう)

| x14 | Rank #14,529

sign; symbol; mark

等(ら)

| x6 | Rank #3,105

pluralizing suffix ; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc. ; nominalizing suffix

印(いん)刷(さつ)

| x3 | Rank #6,704

printing

出(しゅっ)版(ぱん)

| x8 | Rank #7,614

publication

と

| x12511 | Rank #6

if; when ; and ; with ; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.) ; promoted pawn ; indicates a question

異(こと)なる

| x12 | Rank #4,201

to differ; to be different; to disagree; to vary; to diverge

表(ひょう)記(き)

| x3 | Rank #16,171

expression in writing; written representation; notation; transcription; orthography ; writing on the surface (e.g. an address on an envelope); inscribing on the face

なる

| x645 | Rank #33

to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ; to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be) ; to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of ; to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished ; to change (into); to turn (into); to transform ; to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do) ; to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make ; to play (the part of); to act as ; to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as ; to be promoted

場(ば)合(あい)

| x53 | Rank #478

case; occasion; situation; circumstances

ある

| x2870 | Rank #29

to be; to exist; to live ; to have ; to be located ; to be equipped with ; to happen; to come about

また

| x146 | Rank #89

again; once more; once again; another time; some other time ; also; too; as well; likewise ; on the other hand; while ; and; in addition; besides; moreover; furthermore ; or; otherwise ; really; how; (what, why) on earth ; indirect

よる

| x135 | Rank #542

to approach; to draw near; to come near; to be close to ; to gather (in one place); to come together; to meet ; to stop by (while on one's way to another place); to drop by; to make a short visit ; to grow old; to grow high (number, etc.) ; to grow (wrinkly) ; to lean against; to recline on ; to push one's opponent while holding their belt ; to decide on a price and come to a deal ; to be swayed by (a person); to yield to

は

| x21694 | Rank #3

indicates sentence topic ; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) ; adds emphasis

差(さ)別(べつ)的(てき)

| x3 | Rank #36,692

discriminatory; discriminative

表(ひょう)現(げん)

| x12 | Rank #2,657

expression; representation; description ; representation (of a group)

受(う)け取(と)る

| x47 | Rank #1,098

to receive; to get; to accept ; to take (someone's words or behaviour); to interpret; to understand

かねない

| x29 | Rank #10,461

quite capable of ...; not unlikely to ...; may well ...; might ...; could ...; would not hesitate to ...

使(し)用(よう)

| x23 | Rank #2,115

use; application; employment; utilization; utilisation

て

| x2285 | Rank #17

you said; he said; she said; they said ; even if ; do you seriously think that ; I already told you; you should know by now that; of course ; the said ...; said ... ; says that ... ; I hear that ... ; as for the term ... ; as for ...

いる

| x992 | Rank #45

to be (of animate objects); to exist ; to stay ; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing

も

| x9507 | Rank #7

too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence) ; both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) ; even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than ; even if; even though; although; in spite of ; further; more; again; another; the other

書(か)く

| x40 | Rank #372

to write; to compose; to pen ; to draw; to paint

当(とう)時(じ)

| x20 | Rank #1,451

at that time; in those days

事(じ)情(じょう)

| x47 | Rank #1,011

circumstances; conditions; situation; reasons; state of affairs

を

| x26534 | Rank #2

indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

考(こう)慮(りょ)

| x7 | Rank #5,655

consideration; taking into account

原(げん)文(ぶん)

| x3 | Rank #48,454

original text

とおり

| x3 | Rank #996

street; road; avenue; thoroughfare ; traffic; coming and going ; flow (of water, air, etc.); passage; running ; transmission (of sound); reach (of voice) ; reputation; favor; favour; popularity ; understanding; comprehension; comprehensibility; clarity ; the same way (as); as (follows, stated, expected, etc.) ; counter for sets of things ; counter for methods, ways, kinds, etc.

掲(けい)出(しゅつ)

| x3 | Rank #102,444

posting (e.g. a notice); displaying; putting up

個(か)所(しょ)

| x4 | Rank #39,789

place; point; part; spot; area; passage; portion ; counter for places, parts, passages, etc.

あらかじめ

| x6 | Rank #4,791

beforehand; in advance; ahead of time; previously

ご了(りょう)承(しょう)

| x3 | Rank #15,744

acknowledgement; acknowledgment; understanding; approval; consent

くださる

| x27 | Rank #135

to give; to confer; to bestow ; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour; to favor

目(もく)次(じ)

| x3 | Rank #24,927

table of contents; contents

一章

| x2 | Rank #60,880

Kazuaki ; Katsuaki

始(はじ)まり

| x13 | Rank #1,955

origin; beginning; start

０時

| x7 | Rank #13,773

twelve o'clock; midnight; noon

悪(わる)い

| x129 | Rank #141

bad; poor; undesirable ; poor (quality); inferior; insufficient ; evil; sinful ; ugly; not beautiful ; at fault; to blame; in the wrong ; bad (at doing something) ; unprofitable; unbeneficial ; sorry; (my) bad; unforgivable

願(ねが)い

| x23 | Rank #1,770

desire; wish; hope ; request; entreaty; plea; appeal ; prayer ; (written) application

祠(ほこら)

| x17 | Rank #25,112

hokora; small wayside shrine

指(ゆび)輪(わ)

| x32 | Rank #4,285

(finger) ring

二(に)

| x160 | Rank #403

two; 2

章(しょう)

| x11 | Rank #7,508

chapter; section ; medal; badge; insignia

黄(おう)金(ごん)

| x85 | Rank #6,912

gold (Au) ; golden; prosperous; excellent; superb ; money (esp. ōban coin); cash

聖(せい)女(じょ)

| x396 | Rank #18,779

saint; holy woman

聖光

| x358 | Rank #67,362

Kiyoteru ; Kiyomitsu

国(くに)

| x506 | Rank #887

country; state ; region ; national government; central government ; home (i.e. hometown, home country) ; province (of Japan) ; land; earth

忍(しの)び寄(よ)る

| x4 | Rank #14,845

to creep; to steal up; to draw near unnoticed

影(かげ)

| x66 | Rank #1,878

shadow; silhouette; figure; shape ; reflection; image ; ominous sign ; light (stars, moon) ; trace; shadow (of one's former self) ; behind; background; other side