indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn
to hear ; to listen (e.g. to music) ; to ask; to enquire; to query ; to hear about; to hear of; to learn of ; to follow (advice, order, etc.); to obey; to listen to; to comply with ; to hear (e.g. a plea); to grant (a request); to accept (e.g. an argument); to give consideration to ; to smell (esp. incense); to sample (a fragrance) ; to taste (alcohol); to try
inside; within ; while (e.g. one is young); during; within (e.g. a day); in the course of ; among; amongst; (out) of; between ; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.); amidst; with (e.g. success) ; within oneself; one's feelings; inner thoughts ; we; our company; our organization ; one's home; one's family ; my spouse; my husband; my wife ; signed on behalf of (husband's name) by his wife ; I; me
at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although
to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ; to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be) ; to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of ; to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished ; to change (into); to turn (into); to transform ; to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do) ; to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make ; to play (the part of); to act as ; to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as ; to be promoted
to break; to snap; to be cut; to split; to crack ; to be injured ; to wear out; to be worn out ; to break; to burst; to collapse ; to wear off; to stop working; to go dead ; to expire (time limit, etc.); to run out; to become due ; to run out (of stock, etc.); to be exhausted; to be used up; to be sold out; to be out of ; to be broken off (e.g. of a relationship); to break up; to have severed ties; to be cut off; to be disconnected ; to cut well; to be sharp ; to be sharp-minded; to be keen; to be shrewd; to be quick-witted; to be able
you said; he said; she said; they said ; even if ; do you seriously think that ; I already told you; you should know by now that; of course ; the said ...; said ... ; says that ... ; I hear that ... ; as for the term ... ; as for ...
you said; he said; she said; they said ; even if ; do you seriously think that ; I already told you; you should know by now that; of course ; the said ...; said ... ; says that ... ; I hear that ... ; as for the term ... ; as for ...
to cut off and throw away ; to abandon; to disregard; to discard; to throw to the wolves ; to discard (numbers after a certain decimal place); to drop; to omit; to ignore; to round down ; to cut (someone) down; to slay
thing; matter ; incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis ; circumstances; situation; state of affairs ; work; business; affair ; after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to ; nominalizing suffix ; pretending to ...; playing make-believe ... ; alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or ; necessity; need ; you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
to do; to carry out; to perform ; to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into) ; to serve as; to act as; to work as ; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ; to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as ; to decide on; to choose ; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ; to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ; to be worth; to cost ; to pass (of time); to elapse
sink (e.g. in a kitchen) ; cruising (e.g. taxi); strolling (entertainer, musician, etc.) ; washing area (in a Japanese-style bath) ; back-washing service (in a public bath) ; floating (something on water); setting adrift; washing away
sure; certain; positive; definite ; reliable; trustworthy; safe; sound; firm; accurate; correct; exact ; If I'm not mistaken; If I remember correctly; If I remember rightly
to call out (to); to call; to invoke ; to summon (a doctor, etc.) ; to invite ; to designate; to name; to brand ; to garner (support, etc.); to gather ; to take as one's wife
end; finish; place to stop ; bound; limit; end ; delivery date (of a futures contract) ; finale (of a noh song); end of an act (in jōruri or kabuki); final performance of the day (in vaudeville) ; trump card ; king (court card; in mekuri karuta and unsun karuta) ; counter for slices (esp. thick slices); counter for cuts (of fish, meat, etc.) ; only; just ; (ever) since; after ; continuously; remaining (in a particular state)
to be crowded; to be packed; to be congested; to be thronged (with) ; to be complex; to be intricate ; to go into; to go in; to put into ; to become (completely) ; to do thoroughly; to do sufficiently ; to remain (silent, seated, etc.); to stay ...
original story (as opposed to a sequel, spin-off, etc.); main story; main part(s) of a story ; this volume ; the movie (as opposed to the trailers; at a movie theater); feature film (main item in a cinema program) ; movie based on a TV series; movie version of a TV series
indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use ; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume ; to use (language); to speak
mountain; hill ; mine ; (mountain) forest ; heap; pile; stack; mountain ; protruding or high part of an object; crown (of a hat); thread (of a screw); tread (of a tire) ; climax; peak; critical point ; guess; speculation; gamble ; (criminal) case; crime ; mountain climbing; mountaineering ; festival float (esp. one mounted with a decorative halberd)
behind; rear ; after; later ; remainder; the rest ; more (e.g. five more minutes); left ; also; in addition ; descendant; successor; heir ; after one's death ; past; previous
to take into one's possession; to receive; to accept; to collect; to claim ; to take into one's care (e.g. person, pet); to take custody of; to adopt ; to leave; to go away; to withdraw; to get out
indicates passive voice (incl. the "suffering passive") ; indicates the potential form ; indicates spontaneous occurrence ; used as an honorific for others' actions
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive ; to come back; to do ... and come back ; to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue ; to come from; to be caused by; to derive from ; to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")
to herd; to drive; to chase; to corral ; to corner; to force someone into doing ; to go hard; to push yourself; to make a last charge ; to run on (e.g. lines in printing) ; to have two strikes
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning
to chase; to run after; to pursue; to follow after ; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.) ; to drive out; to get rid of; to oust; to expel ; to drive (e.g. a herd) ; to be pressed (e.g. for time)