noun (common) (futsuumeishi), usually written using kana
1. thing; matter- 2. incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis
- 3. circumstances; situation; state of affairs
- 4. work; business; affair
- 5. after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to
noun, used as a suffix, usually written using kana
6. nominalizing suffix- 7. pretending to ...; playing make-believe ...
noun (common) (futsuumeishi), usually written using kana
8. alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or- 9. necessity; need
- 10. you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...