Jiten beta

indicates possessive ; nominalizes verbs and adjectives ; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases ; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion ; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis ; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

白(しろ)

x1 | Rank #1,458

white ; innocence; innocent person ; blank space ; white stone ; white dragon tile ; skewered grilled pig intestine

者(しゃ)

x12 | Rank #449

person; -er ; expert; geisha; prostitute

君(くん)

x436 | Rank #108

Mr; master; boy ; Ms; miss ; sir; madam

たち

x24 | Rank #124

pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)

は

x750 | Rank #2

indicates sentence topic ; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) ; adds emphasis

どう

x23 | Rank #71

how; in what way; how about

生(い)きる

x11 | Rank #352

to live; to exist ; to make a living; to subsist ; to be in effect; to be in use; to function ; to come to life; to be enlivened ; to be safe (in baseball, go, etc.)

あれ

x10 | Rank #301

huh?; eh?; what?; oh; hey!; look!; listen! ; help!

翔(かけれ)

x3 | Rank #2,802

Kakere ; Sesuna ; Natsuru ; Yasura ; Hayuru

ー

x18 | Rank #156

long-vowel mark

年(とし)

x29 | Rank #142

year ; age; years ; past one's prime; old age

東(とう)京(きょう)

x3 | Rank #795

Tokyo

街(まち)

x2 | Rank #636

town; block; neighbourhood; neighborhood ; downtown; main street ; street; road

人(ひと)々(びと)

x52 | Rank #1,187

people; men and women ; each person; everybody

生(せい)活(かつ)

x8 | Rank #962

life; living ; livelihood; (one's) living

が

x679 | Rank #4

indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn

大(おお)きい

x7 | Rank #500

big; large; great ; loud ; extensive; spacious ; important; decisive; valuable ; older; grown up

変(か)わる

x5 | Rank #403

to change; to be transformed; to be altered; to vary ; to move to ; to be different; to be uncommon; to be unusual

と

x436 | Rank #6

if; when ; and ; with ; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.) ; promoted pawn ; indicates a question

する

x56 | Rank #18

to do; to carry out; to perform ; to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into) ; to serve as; to act as; to work as ; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ; to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as ; to decide on; to choose ; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ; to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ; to be worth; to cost ; to pass (of time); to elapse

この

x143 | Rank #28

this ; last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this ; you (as in "you liar")

時(じ)代(だい)

x10 | Rank #983

period; epoch; era; age ; the times; those days ; oldness; ancientness; antiquity ; antique; period piece

に

x891 | Rank #5

at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although

日(ひ)々(び)

x3 | Rank #1,693

daily; everyday ; days (e.g. of one's youth) ; every day; day after day; day by day; from day to day

自(じ)分(ぶん)

x101 | Rank #89

myself; yourself; oneself; himself; herself ; I; me ; you

中(うち)

x57 | Rank #115

inside; within ; while (e.g. one is young); during; within (e.g. a day); in the course of ; among; amongst; (out) of; between ; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.); amidst; with (e.g. success) ; within oneself; one's feelings; inner thoughts ; we; our company; our organization ; one's home; one's family ; my spouse; my husband; my wife ; signed on behalf of (husband's name) by his wife ; I; me

疑(ぎ)問(もん)

x3 | Rank #1,814

doubt; question; suspicion; dubiousness

向(む)き合(あ)う

x1 | Rank #3,355

to be opposite; to face each other ; to confront (an issue); to face

人(じん)

x137 | Rank #243

-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite) ; -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ... ; man; person; people

として

x41 | Rank #149

as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of) ; apart from... (used to change the topic) ; even (e.g. "not even a single person") ; thinking that...; trying to...

ひとり

x2 | Rank #1,242

one person ; being alone; being by oneself ; being single; being unmarried ; by oneself; alone ; just; only; simply

中(ちゅう)学(がく)生(せい)

x5 | Rank #3,629

junior high school student; middle school pupil

その

x137 | Rank #27

that; the ; part (as in "part two") ; um ...; er ...; uh ...

叔父(おじ)

x10 | Rank #3,931

uncle

さん

x114 | Rank #20

Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; Ms.; -san ; politeness marker

いる

x11 | Rank #54

to be (of animate objects); to exist ; to stay ; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing

少(しょう)年(ねん)

x7 | Rank #926

boy ; juvenile; child

みんな

x53 | Rank #113

everyone; everybody; all ; everything; all

から

x204 | Rank #12

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning

コペル

x95 | Rank #61,940

Koper (Slovenia); Koppel

呼(よ)ぶ

x8 | Rank #348

to call out (to); to call; to invoke ; to summon (a doctor, etc.) ; to invite ; to designate; to name; to brand ; to garner (support, etc.); to gather ; to take as one's wife

て

x118 | Rank #21

you said; he said; she said; they said ; even if ; do you seriously think that ; I already told you; you should know by now that; of course ; the said ...; said ... ; says that ... ; I hear that ... ; as for the term ... ; as for ...

物(もの)語(がたり)

x4 | Rank #1,476

story; tale; narrative; account; fable; legend

出(しゅっ)版(ぱん)

x2 | Rank #6,767

publication

今(いま)もなお

x1 | Rank #31,724

still; even now

多(おお)く

x8 | Rank #1,314

many; much; plenty; a lot ; majority (of); greater part (of) ; mostly; mainly; chiefly; usually; often

読(よ)み継(つ)ぐ

x1 | Rank #124,535

to read in succession (e.g. by many readers)

といわれる

x2 | Rank #11,287

to be called ...; to be referred to as ...

小(しょう)説(せつ)

x3 | Rank #2,472

novel; story; (work of) fiction

君たちはどう生きるか

x4 | Rank #170,429

How Do You Live? (1937 novel by Genzaburō Yoshino) ; The Boy and the Heron (2023 Studio Ghibli film)

を

x898 | Rank #3

indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

はじめて

x10 | Rank #4,117

for the first time ; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; not until ... do you ... ; first time; (one's) first

描(えが)く

x1 | Rank #856

to draw; to paint; to sketch ; to depict; to describe ; to picture in one's mind; to imagine ; to form a certain shape (e.g. path of an action, appearance of an object, etc.)

おろす

x2 | Rank #9,668

to sell wholesale ; to grate (e.g. vegetables) ; to cut up fish

もの

x117 | Rank #78

thing; object; article; stuff; substance ; one's things; possessions; property; belongings ; things; something; anything; everything; nothing ; quality ; reason; the way of things ; used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen ; item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ... ; cause of ...; cause for ... ; somehow; somewhat; for some reason ; really; truly

です

x27 | Rank #19

be; is

経(た)つ

x3 | Rank #2,475

to pass (of time); to elapse

今(いま)

x14 | Rank #67

now; the present time; just now; soon; immediately ; another; more

も

x329 | Rank #7

too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence) ; both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) ; even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than ; even if; even though; although; in spite of ; further; more; again; another; the other

あらゆる

x1 | Rank #2,424

all; every

世(せ)代(だい)

x1 | Rank #5,208

generation

人(ひと)たち

x19 | Rank #859

people

生(い)き方(かた)

x1 | Rank #4,754

way of life; how to live

指(し)針(しん)

x1 | Rank #28,747

needle (compass, gauge, etc.); hand (clock); indicator; pointer; index ; guiding principle; guideline; guide

となる

x1 | Rank #923

to become; to be

言(こと)葉(ば)

x22 | Rank #192

language; dialect ; word; phrase; expression; term ; speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language ; words; remark; statement; comment ; learning to speak; language acquisition

見(み)い出(だ)す

x1 | Rank #68,775

to find out; to discover; to notice; to detect ; to select; to pick out ; to look out (from the inside) ; to be wide-eyed (in surprise, anger, etc.)

本(もと)

x20 | Rank #420

origin; source; beginning ; basis; base; foundation; root ; cause ; (raw) material; ingredient; base; mix (e.g. for a cake); (soup) stock ; (one's) side ; capital; principal; cost price ; root (of a plant); (tree) trunk ; part (of a brush, chopsticks, etc.) one holds (with the hand) ; first three lines of a waka ; counter for plants or trees

読(よ)む

x9 | Rank #571

to read ; to recite (e.g. a sutra); to chant ; to predict; to guess; to forecast; to read (someone's thoughts); to see (e.g. into someone's heart); to divine ; to pronounce; to read (e.g. a kanji) ; to decipher; to read (a meter, graph, music, etc.); to tell (the time) ; to count; to estimate ; to read (a kanji) with its native Japanese reading

おう

x1 | Rank #13,007

to chase; to run after; to pursue; to follow after ; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.) ; to drive out; to get rid of; to oust; to expel ; to drive (e.g. a herd) ; to be pressed (e.g. for time)

とき

x41 | Rank #172

time; hour; moment ; occasion; case ; chance; opportunity; season ; the times; the age; the day ; tense

あなた

x3 | Rank #92

beyond; across; the other side; the distance

おじ

x88 | Rank #970

grandfather ; old man ; kyogen mask used for the role of an old man

どんな

x46 | Rank #290

what kind of; what sort of; what ; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any; all

投(な)げかける

x2 | Rank #11,126

to throw at; to turn; to raise

くる

x34 | Rank #63

to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive ; to come back; to do ... and come back ; to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue ; to come from; to be caused by; to derive from ; to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")

でしょう

x2 | Rank #155

it seems; I think; I guess; I wonder ; right?; don't you agree?

カー

x4 | Rank #919

car

目(もく)次(じ)

x1 | Rank #23,870

table of contents; contents

春(はる)

x1 | Rank #1,544

spring; springtime ; New Year ; prime (of life); height (of one's prosperity); heyday ; adolescence; puberty ; sexuality; sexual desire