to eat ; to live; to make a living; to survive ; to bite; to sting (as insects do) ; to tease; to torment; to taunt; to make light of; to make fun of ; to encroach on; to eat into; to consume ; to defeat a superior; to threaten a position ; to consume time; to consume resources ; to receive something (usu. an unfavourable event) ; to have sexual relations with a woman, esp. for the first time
to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ; to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be) ; to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of ; to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished ; to change (into); to turn (into); to transform ; to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do) ; to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make ; to play (the part of); to act as ; to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as ; to be promoted
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning
come (on); come now; come along; here ; all right; right; okay; now; here goes ; well; hmm; uh; let's see; I'm not sure ; here; now; there (we go); ah; oh ; about that, ...; actually, ...
inside; within ; while (e.g. one is young); during; within (e.g. a day); in the course of ; among; amongst; (out) of; between ; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.); amidst; with (e.g. success) ; within oneself; one's feelings; inner thoughts ; we; our company; our organization ; one's home; one's family ; my spouse; my husband; my wife ; signed on behalf of (husband's name) by his wife ; I; me
to be decided; to be settled; to be fixed; to be arranged ; to be unchanging; to be the same (as always); to be fixed; to be set ; to be a fixed rule; to be destined; to be a convention; to be a custom; to be common knowledge ; to be well executed (of a manoeuvre in a sport, game, etc.); to go well; to succeed; to connect (of a punch) ; to look good (of clothing); to look sharp; to be stylish; to suit one; to be held in place (of a hairdo) ; to be struck and held (of a pose in kabuki)
to pay (e.g. money, bill) ; to brush off; to wipe away; to clear away; to dust off; to cut off (e.g. branches) ; to drive away (e.g. one's competitors) ; to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of ; to pay (e.g. attention); to show (e.g. respect, concern) ; to make (e.g. effort, sacrifice); to expend; to exert ; to move out (of one's own place); to vacate ; to sweep (e.g. one's legs); to knock aside ; to make a sweeping stroke (in Japanese calligraphy) ; to reset (an abacus)
to finish; to end; to be completed ; to merely result in something less severe than expected ; to feel at ease ; to feel unease or guilt for troubling someone; to be sorry
continuously; the whole time; all the way; throughout ; much (more); (by) far; far and away; a lot; a great deal ; far (away); long (ago, before, after) ; straight; directly
very; considerably; easily; readily; fairly; quite; highly; rather ; by no means; not readily ; middle; half-way point ; excellent; wonderful; very good
expert; learned person ; doctor; PhD; Dr. ; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryō period) ; pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)