at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although
indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to stop; to turn off ; to park ; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to hold back (tears); to hold (one's breath); to relieve (pain) ; to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade; to forbid; to prohibit ; to notice; to be aware of; to concentrate on; to pay attention to; to remember; to bear in mind ; to fix (in place); to fasten; to tack; to pin; to nail; to button; to staple ; to detain; to keep in custody
to do; to carry out; to perform ; to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into) ; to serve as; to act as; to work as ; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ; to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as ; to decide on; to choose ; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ; to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ; to be worth; to cost ; to pass (of time); to elapse
indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use ; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume ; to use (language); to speak
one's body; one's person ; oneself; one's appearance ; one's place (in society, etc.); one's position ; main part; meat (as opposed to bone, skin, etc.); wood (as opposed to bark); blade (as opposed to its handle); container (as opposed to its lid)
to attach; to join; to connect; to add; to append; to affix; to stick; to glue; to fasten; to sew on; to apply (ointment); to put against ; to furnish (a house with) ; to wear; to put on ; to keep a diary; to make an entry ; to appraise; to set (a price) ; to allot; to budget; to assign ; to bring alongside ; to place (under guard or doctor) ; to follow (someone); to shadow; to tail; to stalk ; to load; to give (courage to)
feeling; sensation; mood; state of mind ; preparedness; readiness; attitude ; thought; sentiment; consideration; solicitude; gratitude ; slightly; a bit; a little
one (esp. of two); the other; one way; the other way; one direction; the other direction; one side; the other side; one party; the other party ; on the one hand; on the other hand ; whereas; although; but at the same time; meanwhile; in turn ; just keeps; being inclined to ...; tending to be ...; tending to do ...; continuously ...; just keeps on ...ing; only
already; yet; by now; now; (not) any more; (not) any longer ; soon; shortly; before long; presently ; further; more; again; another; the other ; jeez; geez; gee; boy; come on; damn; seriously
continuously; the whole time; all the way; throughout ; much (more); (by) far; far and away; a lot; a great deal ; far (away); long (ago, before, after) ; straight; directly
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive ; to come back; to do ... and come back ; to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue ; to come from; to be caused by; to derive from ; to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")
fast; quick; rapid; swift; speedy; brisk; prompt ; early; soon; earlier than usual ; premature; too soon; too early ; easy; simple; quick; fast ; as soon as ...; the moment ...; the instant ...
to try to ...; to be about to do ... ; to decide to ... ; to take as; to treat as; to regard as ; to use for ; to suppose that (such) is the case; to assume ; to decide that; to think that ; to make into; to change into ; to feel (e.g. after sound symbolism or psychological experience word); to look; to feel like ; to intend; to have the intention
there (place relatively near listener) ; there (place just mentioned); that place ; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised) ; you
expert; learned person ; doctor; PhD; Dr. ; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryō period) ; pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; doesn't it?; don't you?; don't you think? ; hey; say; listen; look; come on ; you know; you see; I must say; I should think ; will you?; please ; so, ...; well, ...; you see, ...; you understand? ; I'm not sure if ...; I have my doubts about whether ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning