at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although
to be due to; to be caused by ; to depend on; to turn on ; to be based on; to come from ; to be based at (a location, an organization); to be headquartered at
indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
almost; nearly; mostly; practically; virtually; basically; just about; all but ; hardly; barely; scarcely; little ; large majority; large proportion; greater part; most (of); almost all (of)
to do; to carry out; to perform ; to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into) ; to serve as; to act as; to work as ; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ; to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as ; to decide on; to choose ; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ; to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ; to be worth; to cost ; to pass (of time); to elapse
box; case; chest; package; pack; crate ; car (of a train, etc.) ; shamisen case; shamisen ; public building; community building ; man who carries a geisha's shamisen ; receptacle for human waste; feces (faeces) ; counter for boxes (or boxed objects)
indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use ; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume ; to use (language); to speak
to be done; to be practiced; to be practised; to take place; to be held; to be prevalent; to be in fashion; to be in vogue; to be current; to come into use
to operate (e.g. a machine); to handle; to manage; to control; to maneuver; to steer ; to have a good command of (a language); to play proficiently (of a musical instrument) ; to work (a puppet); to pull the strings of a puppet ; to manipulate (a person, public opinion, etc.); to pull the strings; to control from the shadows; to mastermind
to move (house); to transfer (department) ; to change the target of interest or concern ; to elapse (passage of time) ; to be permeated by a colour or scent ; to be infected; to be contagious; to spread (as in fire)
to make war (on); to wage war (against); to go to war (with); to fight (with); to do battle (against) ; to compete (against) ; to struggle (against adversities, etc.); to fight; to contend; to resist
to call out (to); to call; to invoke ; to summon (a doctor, etc.) ; to invite ; to designate; to name; to brand ; to garner (support, etc.); to gather ; to take as one's wife
expert; learned person ; doctor; PhD; Dr. ; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryō period) ; pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
right?; isn't it?; doesn't it?; don't you?; don't you think? ; hey; say; listen; look; come on ; you know; you see; I must say; I should think ; will you?; please ; so, ...; well, ...; you see, ...; you understand? ; I'm not sure if ...; I have my doubts about whether ...
thing; matter ; incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis ; circumstances; situation; state of affairs ; work; business; affair ; after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to ; nominalizing suffix ; pretending to ...; playing make-believe ... ; alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or ; necessity; need ; you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning
not less than ...; ... and over; ... and above; ... and upwards; ... or more ; beyond (e.g. one's expectations); above; more than; further than ; the above; the above-mentioned; the aforementioned; the foregoing ; since ...; seeing that ...; now that ...; once ... ; that's all; that is the end; the end