Jiten beta

indicates possessive ; nominalizes verbs and adjectives ; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases ; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion ; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis ; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

厳(きび)しい

| x1 | Rank #1,004

severe; strict; rigid; unsparing; relentless ; hard (to do); difficult; tricky ; intense (e.g. cold); harsh (weather); inclement

寒(さむ)さ

| x4 | Rank #5,886

coldness

に

| x82 | Rank #5

at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although

なる

| x14 | Rank #40

to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ; to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be) ; to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of ; to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished ; to change (into); to turn (into); to transform ; to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do) ; to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make ; to play (the part of); to act as ; to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as ; to be promoted

でしょう

| x1 | Rank #161

it seems; I think; I guess; I wonder ; right?; don't you agree?

はあ

| x4 | Rank #429

yes; indeed; well ; ha! ; what?; huh? ; sigh

会(かい)社(しゃ)

| x3 | Rank #1,065

company; corporation; firm ; one's workplace

行(い)く

| x8 | Rank #66

to go; to move (towards); to head (towards); to leave (for) ; to move through; to travel across; to walk along (e.g. a road) ; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to turn out; to get along ; to do (in a particular way); to go (with; a choice); to try ; to pass (of time, seasons, etc.); to go by ; to stream; to flow ; to die; to pass away ; to reach (a stage, extent, age, etc.); to get to; to go (so far as ...) ; to reach (of information, instructions, wind, etc.); to arrive ; to continue ...; to go on ...; to (progress) steadily; to gradually ...; to progressively ...

ねえ

| x4 | Rank #145

right?; isn't it?; doesn't it?; don't you?; don't you think? ; hey; say; listen; look; come on ; you know; you see; I must say; I should think ; will you?; please ; so, ...; well, ...; you see, ...; you understand? ; I'm not sure if ...; I have my doubts about whether ...

辞(や)める

| x1 | Rank #1,299

to resign; to retire; to quit; to leave (one's job, etc.)

かな

| x5 | Rank #135

I wonder ; should I?; is it? ; I wish that; I hope that

退(たい)職(しょく)願(ねがい)

| x1 | Rank #38,958

letter of resignation; request for retirement

寒(さむ)い

| x5 | Rank #1,335

cold (e.g. weather) ; uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull; weak; corny

から

| x27 | Rank #12

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning

と

| x30 | Rank #6

if; when ; and ; with ; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.) ; promoted pawn ; indicates a question

書(か)く

| x1 | Rank #380

to write; to compose; to pen ; to draw; to paint

つもり

| x1 | Rank #201

intention; plan; purpose; expectation ; belief; assumption; thought; conviction ; estimate; estimation; calculation

か

| x80 | Rank #10

indicates a question ; or; whether or not ; some- (e.g. something, someone) ; hmm; huh ; very ; -al; -ial; -ic; -ical; -ish; -y ; in that way

ちょうど

| x1 | Rank #771

exactly; precisely; just; right; opportunely; fortunately ; just (like); as if; as though

よい

| x4 | Rank #128

good; excellent; fine; nice; pleasant; agreeable ; sufficient; enough; ready; prepared ; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial ; OK; all right; fine; no problem ; easy to ...

はい

| x10 | Rank #58

yes; that is correct ; understood; I see; OK; okay ; present; here ; pardon?; what's that?; come again? ; now; here; here you go ; giddy-up; giddap

パパ

| x2 | Rank #1,562

dad; daddy; papa ; sugar daddy

これ

| x19 | Rank #31

this; this one ; this person ; now; this point (in time) ; here ; used to stress the subject of a sentence ; I; me

使(つか)う

| x4 | Rank #171

to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use ; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume ; to use (language); to speak

え

| x4 | Rank #110

eh?; what?; oh? ; yes; that's correct ; strengthens a question, assertion, etc. ; hey

うわ

| x2 | Rank #537

yikes; oops; eep; wow; aargh

マフラー

| x2 | Rank #10,437

(thick) scarf; muffler ; muffler (for a vehicle exhaust); silencer

編(あ)む

| x1 | Rank #11,094

to knit; to plait; to braid ; to compile (anthology, dictionary, etc.); to edit

くれる

| x6 | Rank #65

to give; to let (one) have ; to give ; to do for one; to take the trouble to do ; to do to someone's disadvantage

で

| x31 | Rank #8

at; in ; at; when ; by; with ; within; in ; and then; so ; and; then ; let me tell you; don't you know

少(すこ)し

| x5 | Rank #202

a little; a bit; a small amount; a few; some; slightly; somewhat ; a little while; a short time; a moment; a minute ; a little way; a short distance

暖(あたた)かい

| x3 | Rank #4,697

warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot ; considerate; kind; genial ; warm (of a colour); mellow ; having enough money

温(あたた)かい

| x3 | Rank #2,479

warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot ; considerate; kind; genial ; warm (of a colour); mellow ; having enough money

心(こころ)

| x8 | Rank #306

mind; heart; spirit ; the meaning of a phrase (riddle, etc.)

が

| x99 | Rank #4

indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn

全(ぜん)然(ぜん)

| x7 | Rank #349

(not) at all; (not) in the slightest ; wholly; entirely; completely; totally ; extremely; very

ない

| x9 | Rank #32

nonexistent; not being (there) ; unowned; not had; unpossessed ; unique ; not; impossible; won't happen ; not ; to not be; to have not

よ

| x60 | Rank #11

hey; you ; hey ; hey; hold on ; yo; hey

もう

| x9 | Rank #41

already; yet; by now; now; (not) any more; (not) any longer ; soon; shortly; before long; presently ; further; more; again; another; the other ; jeez; geez; gee; boy; come on; damn; seriously

だけ

| x4 | Rank #39

only; just; merely; simply; no more than; nothing but; alone ; as much as; to the extent of; enough to

で

| x9 | Rank #25

without doing ...

捕(つか)まる

| x1 | Rank #1,501

to be caught; to be arrested ; to hold on to; to grasp ; to find (e.g. proof); to get (e.g. a taxi) ; to be detained by

あ

| x14 | Rank #50

ah; oh ; hey!

何(なに)

| x16 | Rank #33

what ; you-know-what; that thing ; whatsit; whachamacallit; what's-his-name; what's-her-name ; penis; (one's) thing; dick ; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest ; what?; huh? ; hey!; come on! ; oh, no (it's fine); why (it's nothing); oh (certainly not)

なんだ

| x5 | Rank #73

what!; oh ; what the heck; what the; damn

この

| x24 | Rank #26

this ; last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this ; you (as in "you liar")

凍(い)てつく

| x1 | Rank #19,858

to freeze

波(は)動(どう)

| x1 | Rank #13,389

wave motion; undulation; surge ; wave

テンション

| x2 | Rank #3,401

(emotional) tension; anxiety ; (highness of) spirits; (good) mood; excitement; energy ; tension; tensile strength

上(あ)げる

| x2 | Rank #660

to raise; to elevate ; to do up (one's hair) ; to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to surface (a submarine, etc.) ; to land (a boat) ; to deep-fry ; to show someone (into a room) ; to give ; to send someone (away) ; to enrol (one's child in school); to enroll ; to increase (price, quality, status, etc.); to develop (talent, skill); to improve

も

| x34 | Rank #7

too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence) ; both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) ; even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than ; even if; even though; although; in spite of ; further; more; again; another; the other

ぞ

| x23 | Rank #62

adds force or indicates command

確(たし)かに

| x5 | Rank #277

surely; certainly

今(こん)日(にち)は

| x3 | Rank #519

hello; good day; good afternoon

いつも

| x2 | Rank #181

always; all the time; at all times ; never ; usual; regular; habitual; customary

より

| x2 | Rank #130

than ; rather than; instead of; over; above ; from; out of; since; at; on (and after) ; except; but; other than ; more

な

| x60 | Rank #18

don't ; do ; hey; listen; look; say ; now, ...; well, ...; I tell you!; you know ; wow; ooh ; right?; isn't it?; doesn't it?; don't you?; don't you think?

そんな

| x5 | Rank #53

such; that sort of; that kind of; like that ; no way!; never!

レベル

| x1 | Rank #1,455

level; standard; grade; class; rank ; level (amount or quantity) ; level (plane) ; level (instrument); spirit level; surveyor's level

じゃ

| x18 | Rank #63

then; well; so; well then

異(い)常(じょう)気(き)象(しょう)

| x3 | Rank #30,347

abnormal weather

だ

| x74 | Rank #9

be; is

氷(ひょう)河(が)期(き)

| x1 | Rank #40,572

glacial period; glacial epoch; glacial era; ice age ; tough period; drought (of opportunities, jobs, etc.)

ぜ

| x34 | Rank #284

I can tell you ; heh

さすが

| x1 | Rank #567

as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); just like (someone) ; still; all the same; after all ; even ... (e.g. "even a genius")

俺(おれ)っち

| x4 | Rank #33,809

we; us ; I; me

背(せ)中(なか)

| x1 | Rank #1,104

back (of the body)

かいろ

| x5 | Rank #27,588

circuit (electric) ; cycle (e.g. Krebs cycle)

貼(は)る

| x1 | Rank #3,137

to stick; to paste; to affix ; to stretch; to spread; to strain; to tighten; to put up (e.g. a tent) ; to form (e.g. ice on a pond) ; to fill; to swell ; to stick out; to push out ; to post (a link, etc. online) ; to be expensive ; to keep a watch on; to be on the lookout ; to slap ; to become one tile away from completion

くる

| x13 | Rank #49

to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive ; to come back; to do ... and come back ; to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue ; to come from; to be caused by; to derive from ; to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")

制(せい)服(ふく)

| x1 | Rank #2,406

uniform

直(じき)

| x1 | Rank #6,988

soon; in a moment; before long; shortly ; nearby; close ; direct ; spot transaction; cash transaction

早(はや)い

| x1 | Rank #132

fast; quick; rapid; swift; speedy; brisk; prompt ; early; soon; earlier than usual ; premature; too soon; too early ; easy; simple; quick; fast ; as soon as ...; the moment ...; the instant ...

教(きょう)室(しつ)

| x5 | Rank #1,976

classroom; lecture room ; department (in a university) ; class; lessons; course ; school (for a particular discipline); teaching establishment

なら

| x7 | Rank #55

if; in case; if it is the case that; if it is true that ; as for; on the topic of ; if that's the case; if so; that being the case ; if possible; if circumstances allow

暖(だん)房(ぼう)

| x1 | Rank #16,923

(indoor) heating

効(き)く

| x1 | Rank #1,514

to be effective; to take effect; to be good (for) ; to work; to function well ; to be possible (to do, use, etc.); to be able to ; to taste (alcohol); to try

し

| x11 | Rank #61

and; besides; moreover; what's more; not only ... but also ; because; since ; the thing is; for one thing

おう

| x6 | Rank #558

agreement; affirmative ; aye; yes; OK; okay; yeah; all right

到(とう)着(ちゃく)

| x1 | Rank #1,716

arrival

ああ

| x2 | Rank #819

like that; so

ある

| x15 | Rank #34

to be; to exist; to live ; to have ; to be located ; to be equipped with ; to happen; to come about

冷(れい)蔵(ぞう)庫(こ)

| x1 | Rank #3,700

refrigerator; fridge

よう

| x2 | Rank #4,601

form; shape; figure ; visage

誰(だれ)

| x6 | Rank #123

who

貴(き)様(さま)

| x2 | Rank #1,643

you; you bastard; you son of a bitch ; you

俺(おれ)

| x24 | Rank #51

I; me

つうか

| x2 | Rank #7,510

or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean

最(さい)悪(あく)

| x1 | Rank #1,191

worst ; horrible; horrid; awful; terrible ; in the worst case; if worst comes to worst

見(み)る

| x6 | Rank #68

to see; to look; to watch; to view; to observe ; to examine; to look over; to assess; to check; to judge ; to look after; to attend to; to take care of; to keep an eye on ; to experience; to meet with (misfortune, success, etc.) ; to try ...; to have a go at ...; to give ... a try ; to see (that) ...; to find (that) ...

あれ

| x14 | Rank #103

that; that thing ; that person ; then; that time ; that place (over there) ; down there (i.e. one's genitals) ; period; menses

うそ

| x1 | Rank #2,484

lie; fib; falsehood; untruth ; mistake; error ; unwise move; bad decision ; no way!; unbelievable!; really?!

だろ

| x16 | Rank #188

seems; I think; I guess; I wonder; I hope ; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!

ずっと

| x2 | Rank #185

continuously; the whole time; all the way; throughout ; much (more); (by) far; far and away; a lot; a great deal ; far (away); long (ago, before, after) ; straight; directly

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