Jiten beta

indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

の

| x130 | Rank #1

indicates possessive ; nominalizes verbs and adjectives ; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases ; indicates a confident conclusion ; indicates emotional emphasis ; indicates question

でしょうか

| x1 | Rank #461

don't you think?; indicates question

から

| x10 | Rank #13

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning

お買(か)い上(あ)げ

| x1 | Rank #16,871

buying; purchasing

に

| x54 | Rank #4

at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although

なる

| x8 | Rank #37

to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ; to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be) ; to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of ; to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished ; to change (into); to turn (into); to transform ; to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do) ; to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make ; to play (the part of); to act as ; to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as ; to be promoted

首(くび)飾(かざ)り

| x16 | Rank #23,806

necklace; choker

代(だい)金(きん)

| x6 | Rank #7,816

price; cost; charge; payment; bill; fee

で

| x24 | Rank #27

without doing ...

ござる

| x11 | Rank #575

to be ; to come; to go; to be (somewhere) ; to be (doing)

もう

| x2 | Rank #40

already; yet; by now; now; (not) any more; (not) any longer ; soon; shortly; before long; presently ; further; more; again; another; the other ; jeez; geez; gee; boy; come on; damn; seriously

待(ま)つ

| x2 | Rank #101

to wait ; to await; to look forward to; to anticipate ; to depend on; to need

すぐに

| x1 | Rank #352

immediately; right away; at once; instantly

支(し)払(はら)う

| x2 | Rank #4,869

to pay

いただく

| x2 | Rank #303

to receive; to get; to accept; to take; to buy ; to eat; to drink ; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head); to have (on top) ; to have (as one's leader); to live under (a ruler); to install (a president) ; to get someone to do something

破(は)産(さん)寸(すん)前(ぜん)

| x1 | Rank #75,650

near bankruptcy; edge of bankruptcy; bumper-to-bumper

万(まん)

| x4 | Rank #1,173

10,000; ten thousand ; myriad ; everything; all ; various

リーブル

| x5 | Rank #115,280

livre (currency, weight)

王(おう)妃(ひ)

| x35 | Rank #20,258

queen (consort); empress (consort)

マリー

| x8 | Rank #18,621

mallee (var. of eucalyptus)

アントワネット

| x14 | Rank #45,871

Antoinette

様(さま)

| x25 | Rank #224

Mr; Mrs; Miss; Ms ; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions) ; state; situation; appearance; manner

るい

| x4 | Rank #16,515

kind; sort; type; class; genus; order; family ; similar example; parallel; the like

世(よ)

| x3 | Rank #1,954

world; society; public ; life; lifetime ; age; era; period; epoch; generation ; reign; rule ; the times ; world (of existence)

が

| x57 | Rank #5

indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn

どうした

| x2 | Rank #180

somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of

のです

| x4 | Rank #457

the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...

一(いっ)体(たい)

| x2 | Rank #632

(what) the heck; (why) in the world; (who) on earth ; one object; one body; unity ; one form; one style ; one Buddhist image (or carving, etc.) ; generally; in general

何(なに)事(ごと)

| x1 | Rank #3,393

what; what sort of thing ; everything; anything ; what (on earth)?; what's the meaning of this ...?; what's this ... all about?

使(し)者(しゃ)

| x1 | Rank #8,732

messenger; envoy; emissary

すぐ

| x2 | Rank #293

immediately; at once; right away; directly ; soon; before long; shortly ; easily; readily; without difficulty ; right (near); nearby; just (handy) ; honest; upright; frank; straightforward

ベルサイユ

| x7 | Rank #55,976

Versailles (France)

宮(みや)

| x2 | Rank #6,522

shrine ; palace; imperial residence ; Imperial prince; Imperial princess ; headboard with built-in shelves, drawers, etc. ; temple

へと

| x1 | Rank #1,329

to; towards; for

国(こく)王(おう)陛(へい)下(か)

| x2 | Rank #28,068

His Majesty the King

言(こと)葉(ば)

| x2 | Rank #267

language; dialect ; word; phrase; expression; term ; speech; (manner of) speaking; (use of) language ; words; remark; statement; comment ; learning to speak; language acquisition

ルーレット

| x1 | Rank #23,442

roulette

回(めぐ)る

| x1 | Rank #732

to go around; to make a circle around ; to surround; to circle; to enclose ; to come around (of a season, anniversary, turn, etc.); to return; to repeat; to circulate (of blood, money, etc.) ; to travel around; to make a tour of ; to concern (a matter); to surround

音(おと)

| x7 | Rank #342

sound; noise ; (musical) note ; fame

憲(けん)兵(ぺい)

| x2 | Rank #32,907

military police

ろあん

| x19 | Rank #84,905

Roan

大(だい)司(し)教(きょう)

| x15 | Rank #44,780

archbishop (Catholic)

殿(どの)

| x1 | Rank #2,686

Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; Ms.

へ

| x11 | Rank #73

to; towards; for

出(しゅっ)頭(とう)命(めい)令(れい)

| x1 | Rank #67,210

summons; subpoena

語(かた)り手(て)

| x7 | Rank #50,038

narrator; storyteller; reciter

年(とし)

| x2 | Rank #152

year ; age; years ; past one's prime; old age

８(はち)月(がつ)

| x1 | Rank #5,867

August ; eighth month of the lunar calendar

日(ひ)

| x2 | Rank #186

day; days ; sun; sunshine; sunlight ; (the) day; daytime; daylight ; date; deadline ; (past) days; time (e.g. of one's childhood) ; case (esp. unfortunate); event

これ

| x4 | Rank #31

this; this one ; this person ; now; this point (in time) ; here ; used to stress the subject of a sentence ; I; me

フランス

| x4 | Rank #5,929

France

犯(はん)罪(ざい)

| x2 | Rank #2,612

crime; offence; offense

史(し)上(じょう)

| x1 | Rank #17,388

in history; ever; historical

あまりに

| x1 | Rank #3,821

too (much); overly; excessively

も

| x31 | Rank #7

too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence) ; both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) ; even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than ; even if; even though; although; in spite of ; further; more; again; another; the other

名(な)高(だか)い

| x1 | Rank #14,928

famous; noted; renowned; celebrated; well-known

事(じ)件(けん)

| x9 | Rank #876

event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble; scandal

幕(まく)開(あ)き

| x1 | Rank #103,433

rise of the curtain; opening of a play ; beginning (e.g. of an era); start; opening (of a tournament, festival, etc.)

だった

| x3 | Rank #34

was; were

はっ

| x2 | Rank #277

oh ; yes ; huh?; hm?; what's that?

ははあ

| x2 | Rank #10,710

aha! ; yes sir

この

| x9 | Rank #24

this ; last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this ; you (as in "you liar")

ジャンヌ

| x30 | Rank #35,780

Jaenne; Jeanne; Jannu

バロア

| x11 | Rank #126,381

Valois (France); Vallois

とか

| x4 | Rank #82

and the like; such as; among other things; and so on ; or something; something like; a (certain) ; I hear that ...; people say that ...; rumour has it that ... ; or something; something like; or whatever

夫(ふ)人(じん)

| x8 | Rank #9,406

wife; Mrs; madam ; wife of a nobleman (aristocrat, etc.) ; consort of the emperor

頼(たの)み

| x1 | Rank #1,958

request; favor; favour ; reliance; dependence; trust; hope

お前(まえ)

| x3 | Rank #89

you ; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of

保(ほ)証(しょう)人(にん)

| x1 | Rank #23,555

guarantor; surety; sponsor; reference; bondsman

立(た)てる

| x1 | Rank #797

to stand up; to put up; to set up; to erect; to raise ; to thrust into; to bury into; to dig into ; to make (a noise); to start (a rumour); to raise (a cloud of dust, etc.); to cause ; to make; to establish; to set up; to develop; to formulate ; to put up (a political candidate); to make (one's leader) ; to treat with respect; to give (someone) their due; to make (someone) look good; to avoid embarrassing (someone) ; to sharpen; to make clear ; to shut; to close ; to make tea (matcha); to perform the tea ceremony ; to divide by

あの

| x7 | Rank #42

that; those; the

買(か)う

| x1 | Rank #334

to buy; to purchase ; to value (highly); to think highly of; to have a high opinion of; to appreciate; to recognize ; to incur (someone's anger, displeasure, etc.); to elicit (e.g. sneers); to invite (e.g. scorn); to evoke; to arouse; to win (someone's favour) ; to accept; to take on; to take up ; to pay for (a prostitute, geisha, etc.)

ですか

| x4 | Rank #93

indicates question

恐(おそ)れる

| x3 | Rank #1,687

to fear; to be afraid of

ながら

| x4 | Rank #207

while; during; as ; while; although; though; despite; in spite of; notwithstanding ; all; both ; as (e.g. "as always", "as long ago"); in (e.g. "in tears") ; while doing something else (at the same time)

そのとおり

| x2 | Rank #2,171

just like that; quite so; I agree ; that street

黙(だま)る

| x2 | Rank #435

to be silent; to say nothing

なさる

| x8 | Rank #208

to do

あ

| x3 | Rank #39

ah; oh ; hey!