to hear ; to listen (e.g. to music) ; to ask; to enquire; to query ; to hear about; to hear of; to learn of ; to follow (advice, order, etc.); to obey; to listen to; to comply with ; to hear (e.g. a plea); to grant (a request); to accept (e.g. an argument); to give consideration to ; to smell (esp. incense); to sample (a fragrance) ; to taste (alcohol); to try
expert; learned person ; doctor; PhD; Dr. ; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryō period) ; pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ; to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be) ; to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of ; to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished ; to change (into); to turn (into); to transform ; to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do) ; to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make ; to play (the part of); to act as ; to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as ; to be promoted
indicates word or phrase being defined ; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.) ; with ; (not) as much as; (not) so much as ; the fact that; to think that; such a thing as
which; where; who ; all; both ; anyway; anyhow; at any rate; in any case ; sooner or later; one of these days; someday; before long; in due course; eventually
to obey (an order, law, etc.); to abide by (a rule, custom, etc.); to follow; to observe; to conform to; to yield to ; to follow (a person); to accompany; to go with ; to go alongside (e.g. a river); to follow (e.g. a sign) ; to serve (as); to engage in (work)
to receive; to take; to accept ; to get someone to do something ; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match) ; to contract (a disease); to catch; to be affected
thing; object; article; stuff; substance ; one's things; possessions; property; belongings ; things; something; anything; everything; nothing ; quality ; reason; the way of things ; used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen ; item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ... ; cause of ...; cause for ... ; somehow; somewhat; for some reason ; really; truly
to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow ; to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized; to be realised; to be found out ; I know!; I think so too!
to make; to produce; to manufacture; to build; to construct ; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol) ; to raise; to grow; to cultivate; to train ; to till ; to draw up (a document); to make out; to prepare; to write ; to create (an artistic work, etc.); to compose ; to coin (a phrase); to organize; to organise; to establish; to found ; to have (a child) ; to make up (one's face, etc.) ; to fabricate (an excuse, etc.)
to receive; to get; to accept; to take; to buy ; to eat; to drink ; to be crowned with; to wear (on one's head); to have (on top) ; to have (as one's leader); to live under (a ruler); to install (a president) ; to get someone to do something
behind; rear ; after; later ; remainder; the rest ; more (e.g. five more minutes); left ; also; in addition ; descendant; successor; heir ; after one's death ; past; previous
to memorize; to memorise; to commit to memory; to learn by heart; to bear in mind; to remember ; to learn; to pick up; to acquire ; to feel ; to think; to regard
you said; he said; she said; they said ; even if ; do you seriously think that ; I already told you; you should know by now that; of course ; the said ...; said ... ; says that ... ; I hear that ... ; as for the term ... ; as for ...
to respond; to answer; to meet (e.g. demands, expectations) ; to affect; to take a toll; to strike home; to have an effect on; to be hard on someone (e.g. heat, cold, work, illness, etc.); to be a strain
by no means; never!; well, I never!; you don't say!; certainly (not) ; something unexpected; emergency ; currently; for the time being; presently; for now ; indeed; really; truly; unexpectedly
to take out; to get out ; to put out; to reveal; to show ; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in ; to publish; to make public ; to send (e.g. letter) ; to produce (a sound); to start (fire) ; to serve (food) ; ... out (e.g. to jump out, to carry out) ; to begin ...; to start to ...; to burst into ...
to miss; to overlook; to fail to notice ; to let pass (a matter); to overlook (e.g. a wrongdoing); to turn a blind eye to ; to pass up (e.g. an opportunity) ; to let (a good ball) go by
direction; way; side; area (in a particular direction) ; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part ; type; category ; field (of study, etc.) ; indicates one side of a comparison ; way; method; manner; means ; length (of each side of a square)