previously; before; earlier; formerly; recently ; first; before (something or someone else); ahead (of); earlier ; beforehand; in advance; ahead of time
indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn
to grow fat; to gain weight; to put on weight ; to grow fertile (of soil) ; to be discerning (of one's palate, eye, ear, etc.); to be discriminating; to be refined ; to become rich; to become wealthy
indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
space (between); gap; interval; distance; stretch ; period of time (during, while); duration; interval ; between (two parties or things) ; among (a group) ; relations (between); relationship ; midpoint; average; halfway; middle ground ; due to; because of
nicely; properly; well; skillfully; skilfully ; frequently; often ; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ... ; (you have) quite the nerve to; I don't know how you can ...
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use ; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume ; to use (language); to speak
at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although
to do; to carry out; to perform ; to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into) ; to serve as; to act as; to work as ; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ; to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as ; to decide on; to choose ; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ; to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ; to be worth; to cost ; to pass (of time); to elapse
to draw (a thread); to let out (e.g. a rope) ; to head out as a group; to set out in large numbers; to flock; to sally forth ; to send out one after another; to dispatch ; to lunge (a spear); to unleash (a punch)
to face (each other); to be facing ; to be directed toward (the future, etc.); to be in response to; to be related to ; to receive (a client, etc.) ; to compare with; to contrast with; to be in opposition with; to be opposed to ; to confront; to oppose; to compete with
structure; construction; appearance ; posture (e.g. in martial arts); pose; stance ; readiness; determination; preparedness ; kanji enclosure type radical (must enclose at least two sides of the kanji)
you said; he said; she said; they said ; even if ; do you seriously think that ; I already told you; you should know by now that; of course ; the said ...; said ... ; says that ... ; I hear that ... ; as for the term ... ; as for ...
to destroy; to demolish; to pull down; to tear down; to level ; to disturb; to put into disorder; to throw off balance; to make shaky ; to relax (one's pose); to make oneself at ease ; to break (a bill); to change; to make change ; to write in cursive style; to write in running style ; to break into a smile; to let off a smile ; to lower (a price)
to take; to pick up; to grab; to catch; to hold ; to pass; to hand; to give ; to get; to obtain; to acquire; to win; to receive; to earn; to take (e.g. a vacation) ; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.); to take (a measure, attitude, etc.); to choose ; to remove; to get rid of; to take off ; to take away; to steal; to rob ; to eat; to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins) ; to pick (e.g. flowers); to gather; to extract (e.g. juice); to catch (e.g. fish); to harvest (a crop) ; to take up (time, space); to occupy; to spare; to set aside ; to secure; to reserve; to save; to put aside; to keep
too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence) ; both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) ; even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than ; even if; even though; although; in spite of ; further; more; again; another; the other
point; tip; end; nozzle ; head (of a line); front ; first; before; ahead (of) ; (the way) ahead; beyond ; future ; previous; prior; former; recent; last ; destination; address; place where you do something ; rest (e.g. of a story); continuation; remaining part ; the other party
to eat ; to live; to make a living; to survive ; to bite; to sting (as insects do) ; to tease; to torment; to taunt; to make light of; to make fun of ; to encroach on; to eat into; to consume ; to defeat a superior; to threaten a position ; to consume time; to consume resources ; to receive something (usu. an unfavourable event) ; to have sexual relations with a woman, esp. for the first time
there (place relatively near listener) ; there (place just mentioned); that place ; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised) ; you
to be late; to be delayed; to fall behind schedule; to be overdue ; to fall behind (in a race, one's studies, etc.); to lag behind; to be behind (the times) ; to be bereaved of; to be preceded by (someone) in death ; to be slow (of a clock or watch)
thing; matter ; incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis ; circumstances; situation; state of affairs ; work; business; affair ; after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to ; nominalizing suffix ; pretending to ...; playing make-believe ... ; alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or ; necessity; need ; you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
thing; object; article; stuff; substance ; one's things; possessions; property; belongings ; things; something; anything; everything; nothing ; quality ; reason; the way of things ; used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen ; item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ... ; cause of ...; cause for ... ; somehow; somewhat; for some reason ; really; truly
average; medium; common; ordinary ; mid-grade (item); regular grade ; same level as; equal to; equivalent to; on par with ; each (e.g. month); every ; row of (teeth, houses, etc.); line of
to understand; to comprehend; to grasp; to see; to get; to follow ; to become clear; to be known; to be discovered; to be realized; to be realised; to be found out ; I know!; I think so too!