indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use ; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume ; to use (language); to speak
indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn
to disappear; to vanish; to go out of sight; to go away; to become lost ; to go out (of a fire, light, etc.); to die; to turn off (e.g. of a TV screen) ; to fade (of a feeling, impression, etc.); to vanish (e.g. of hope) ; to go away (e.g. of a smell, itchiness, sleepiness); to disappear; to fade away (e.g. of footsteps) ; to wear away (e.g. of an inscription); to rub out (of writing); to fade (e.g. of ink) ; to be lost (e.g. of a tradition); to die out; to disappear
to throw down; to bring down; to blow down; to fell; to knock down; to set (something) down on its side; to turn (something) on its side; to recline (e.g. a seat) ; to kill; to defeat; to beat ; to overthrow; to trip up; to ruin ; to leave unpaid; to cheat
counter for thin, flat objects (e.g. sheets of paper, plates, coins) ; counter for portions of gyōza or soba ; counter for ranks ; counter for wrestlers of a particular rank ; counter for fields or rice paddies ; counter for palanquin bearers
right?; isn't it?; doesn't it?; don't you?; don't you think? ; hey; say; listen; look; come on ; you know; you see; I must say; I should think ; will you?; please ; so, ...; well, ...; you see, ...; you understand? ; I'm not sure if ...; I have my doubts about whether ...
but; however; though; nevertheless; still; yet; even so; also; as well ; even ; however; no matter how; even if; even though ; ... or something ; either ... or ...; neither ... nor ... ; pseudo-; quack; in-name-only ; for lack of anything better to do
and the like; such as; among other things; and so on ; or something; something like; a (certain) ; I hear that ...; people say that...; rumour has it that ... ; or something; something like; or whatever
role; assignment; responsibility; duty; function; job; service ; position (of responsibility); post; office ; part (in a play, film, etc.); role; character ; scoring combination; hand; yaku; meld
at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although
to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ; to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be) ; to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of ; to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished ; to change (into); to turn (into); to transform ; to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do) ; to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make ; to play (the part of); to act as ; to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as ; to be promoted
you said; he said; she said; they said ; even if ; do you seriously think that ; I already told you; you should know by now that; of course ; the said ...; said ... ; says that ... ; I hear that ... ; as for the term ... ; as for ...
you said; he said; she said; they said ; even if ; do you seriously think that ; I already told you; you should know by now that; of course ; the said ...; said ... ; says that ... ; I hear that ... ; as for the term ... ; as for ...
companion; fellow; friend; mate; comrade; partner; colleague; coworker; associate ; group; company; circle; set; gang ; member of the same category (family, class)
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning
to think; to consider; to believe; to reckon ; to think (of doing); to plan (to do) ; to judge; to assess; to regard ; to imagine; to suppose; to dream ; to expect; to look forward to ; to feel; to be (in a state of mind); to desire; to want ; to care (deeply) for; to yearn for; to worry about; to love ; to recall; to remember