from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning
to do; to undertake; to perform; to play (a game); to study ; to send; to dispatch; to despatch ; to put; to move; to turn (one's head, glance, etc.) ; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status); to let have; to present; to bestow; to confer ; to make (a vehicle) go faster ; to run (a business); to keep; to be engaged in; to practice (law, medicine, etc.); to practise ; to have (food, drink, etc.); to eat; to drink; to smoke ; to hold (a performance); to perform; to show ; to ease (one's mind) ; to harm; to injure; to kill
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive ; to come back; to do ... and come back ; to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue ; to come from; to be caused by; to derive from ; to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")
indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn
at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although
to touch; to feel ; to touch (with) ; to experience; to come in contact with; to perceive ; to touch on (a subject); to allude to; to refer to; to mention; to bring up ; to be in conflict with; to violate (law, copyright, etc.); to infringe ; to proclaim; to make known; to spread (e.g. a rumour)
to receive; to get ; to catch (e.g. a ball) ; to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.) ; to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to suffer (an injury); to feel (influence) ; to undergo (e.g. surgery); to take (a test); to accept (a challenge) ; to be given (e.g. life, talent) ; to find funny; to find humorous; to be amused (by) ; to follow; to succeed; to be descended from ; to face (south, etc.) ; to be modified by
to do; to carry out; to perform ; to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into) ; to serve as; to act as; to work as ; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ; to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as ; to decide on; to choose ; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ; to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ; to be worth; to cost ; to pass (of time); to elapse
to stand up; to put up; to set up; to erect; to raise ; to thrust into; to bury into; to dig into ; to make (a noise); to start (a rumour); to raise (a cloud of dust, etc.); to cause ; to make; to establish; to set up; to develop; to formulate ; to put up (a political candidate); to make (one's leader) ; to treat with respect; to give (someone) their due; to make (someone) look good; to avoid embarrassing (someone) ; to sharpen; to make clear ; to shut; to close ; to make tea (matcha); to perform the tea ceremony ; to divide by
first (of all); firstly; to begin with; before anything else ; probably; most likely; almost certainly; virtually ; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole; reasonably ; anyway; at any rate; for now (at least); for the time being
indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to put to use ; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to handle; to manage; to manipulate ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend; to consume ; to use (language); to speak
to pay (e.g. money, bill) ; to brush off; to wipe away; to clear away; to dust off; to cut off (e.g. branches) ; to drive away (e.g. one's competitors) ; to sell off (something unneeded); to dispose of ; to pay (e.g. attention); to show (e.g. respect, concern) ; to make (e.g. effort, sacrifice); to expend; to exert ; to move out (of one's own place); to vacate ; to sweep (e.g. one's legs); to knock aside ; to make a sweeping stroke (in Japanese calligraphy) ; to reset (an abacus)
to be able to do; to be possible; to be permitted (to do) ; to be good at; to do well; to be proficient (in); to be capable ; to come into existence; to form; to appear; to come up (of a matter); to be born; to make (a friend); to get (a girlfriend, free time, etc.) ; to be made; to be built; to be constructed; to be formed; to be established; to be set up ; to be finished; to be completed; to be done; to be ready ; to grow (of a crop); to be produced ; to be mature and well-balanced; to be of fine character ; to be by nature; to be born ... ; to become (sexually) involved (with); to become intimate (with); to take up (with someone) ; to get pregnant
first of all; to begin with; before anything else ; probably; most likely; almost certainly; virtually ; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole; reasonably ; anyway; at any rate; for now (at least); for the time being
place; spot; space ; field; discipline; sphere; realm ; occasion; situation ; scene (of a play, movie, etc.) ; session ; field; table; area in which cards are laid out ; round (east, south, etc.) ; field ; field (in Gestalt psychology)
to put back; to return; to give back; to restore (to a previous state, e.g. defrosting, reconstituting, reconciling); to turn back (e.g. clock hand) ; to vomit; to throw up ; to recover (of a market price)
come (on); come now; come along; here ; all right; right; okay; now; here goes ; well; hmm; uh; let's see; I'm not sure ; here; now; there (we go); ah; oh ; about that, ...; actually, ...
attribute; property ; attribute ; alignment (in a role-playing game) ; element (of an enemy or attack); type (of dealt damage); affinity ; (character) type ; fondness (for); fetish
(fixing) boundaries for religious practices ; prohibition (of items, people, spirits, etc. that would hinder Buddhist practice) ; fence between inner and outer sanctums in a temple ; short two or three-fold lattice around the front desk of a store ; barrier; dimensional barrier; containment zone; containment barrier; mystical barrier
thing; matter ; incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis ; circumstances; situation; state of affairs ; work; business; affair ; after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to ; nominalizing suffix ; pretending to ...; playing make-believe ... ; alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or ; necessity; need ; you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...
to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ; to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be) ; to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of ; to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished ; to change (into); to turn (into); to transform ; to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do) ; to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make ; to play (the part of); to act as ; to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as ; to be promoted