Jiten beta

indicates possessive ; nominalizes verbs and adjectives ; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases ; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion ; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis ; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

時(じ)刻(こく)

| x2 | Rank #4,230

time; (the) hour ; favourable time; opportunity; chance

は

| x1638 | Rank #3

indicates sentence topic ; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated) ; adds emphasis

過(す)ぎる

| x5 | Rank #660

to pass through; to pass by; to go beyond ; to pass (of time); to elapse ; to have expired; to have ended; to be over ; to exceed; to surpass; to be above ; to be no more than ... ; to be excessive; to be too much; to be too ...

夕(ゆう)暮(ぐ)れ

| x1 | Rank #10,906

evening; dusk; twilight

校(こう)舎(しゃ)

| x31 | Rank #5,457

school building; schoolhouse

から

| x302 | Rank #11

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning

もう

| x29 | Rank #35

already; yet; by now; now; (not) any more; (not) any longer ; soon; shortly; before long; presently ; further; more; again; another; the other ; jeez; geez; gee; boy; come on; damn; seriously

部(ぶ)活(かつ)

| x4 | Rank #3,734

club activities; extracurricular activities

を

| x1842 | Rank #2

indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

する

| x265 | Rank #13

to do; to carry out; to perform ; to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into) ; to serve as; to act as; to work as ; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ; to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as ; to decide on; to choose ; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ; to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ; to be worth; to cost ; to pass (of time); to elapse

生(せい)徒(と)

| x64 | Rank #1,598

pupil; student; schoolchild

声(こえ)

| x34 | Rank #193

voice ; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); hoot ; voice; opinion (as expressed in words); view; wish; attitude; will ; sound ; sense (of something's arrival); feeling ; voice; voiced sound

も

| x540 | Rank #7

too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence) ; both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) ; even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than ; even if; even though; although; in spite of ; further; more; again; another; the other

聞(き)こえる

| x10 | Rank #470

to be heard; to be audible; to reach one's ears ; to sound (like); to come across (as) ; to be well known; to be famous ; to accept (someone's words); to agree; to understand

くる

| x21 | Rank #54

to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive ; to come back; to do ... and come back ; to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue ; to come from; to be caused by; to derive from ; to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")

来(く)る

| x11 | Rank #66

こんな

| x37 | Rank #79

this sort of; this kind of; like this; such

時(じ)間(かん)

| x37 | Rank #155

time ; hour ; period; class; lesson

に

| x1354 | Rank #5

at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although

まで

| x73 | Rank #42

until (a time); till; to; up to ; to (a place or person); as far as ; to (an extent); up to; so far as; even ; only; merely

学(がっ)校(こう)

| x94 | Rank #652

school

残(のこ)る

| x10 | Rank #373

to remain; to be left

一(いち)部(ぶ)

| x2 | Rank #1,344

one part; one portion; one section ; one copy (of a book); (one) complete set (of books)

教(きょう)師(し)

| x29 | Rank #2,719

teacher (classroom)

か

| x466 | Rank #9

indicates a question ; or; whether or not ; some- (e.g. something, someone) ; hmm; huh ; very ; -al; -ial; -ic; -ical; -ish; -y ; in that way

よっぽど

| x6 | Rank #1,808

very; greatly; much; considerably; to a large extent; quite ; just about to; almost; very nearly

暇(ひま)

| x3 | Rank #942

spare time; free time; leisure ; time (it takes to do something); time required ; time off; leave; vacation; holiday ; dismissal; firing; severance; divorce ; free; not busy; unoccupied; idle ; slow (business); slack; dull ; to be free; to be not busy; to be available; to be doing nothing

だけ

| x117 | Rank #34

only; just; merely; simply; no more than; nothing but; alone ; as much as; to the extent of; enough to

だろう

| x82 | Rank #74

seems; I think; I guess; I wonder; I hope ; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!

ったく

| x4 | Rank #1,321

good grief

どうして

| x21 | Rank #177

how; in what way; by what means ; why; for what reason; for what purpose; what for ; cannot possibly ; no way

面(めん)倒(どう)

| x6 | Rank #886

trouble; bother ; trouble; difficulty ; care; attention

こと

| x536 | Rank #14

thing; matter ; incident; occurrence; event; something serious; trouble; crisis ; circumstances; situation; state of affairs ; work; business; affair ; after an inflectable word, creates a noun phrase indicating something the speaker does not feel close to ; nominalizing suffix ; pretending to ...; playing make-believe ... ; alias; also known as; otherwise known as; or ; necessity; need ; you should ...; I advise that you ...; it's important to ...

なる

| x59 | Rank #33

to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ; to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be) ; to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of ; to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished ; to change (into); to turn (into); to transform ; to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do) ; to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make ; to play (the part of); to act as ; to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as ; to be promoted

んだ

| x121 | Rank #16

the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...

廊(ろう)下(か)

| x25 | Rank #2,570

corridor; hallway; passageway

真(ま)ん中(なか)

| x4 | Rank #2,685

middle; centre; center; midpoint; heart

立(た)ち尽(つ)くす

| x3 | Rank #11,168

to keep standing; to stand motionless

オレ

| x526 | Rank #3,916

I; me

頭(あたま)

| x23 | Rank #255

head ; hair (on one's head) ; mind; brains; intellect ; leader; chief; boss; captain ; top; tip ; beginning; start ; head; person ; down payment; deposit ; top structural component of a kanji ; pair

搔(か)き毟(むし)る

| x1 | Rank #64,154

to tear off; to pluck; to scratch off

正(しょう)面(めん)

| x2 | Rank #2,953

front; frontage; facade; main

立(た)つ

| x13 | Rank #411

to stand (up); to rise; to get to one's feet; to stand on end (e.g. of hairs); to stick up ; to stand (in a position; of a person, tree, building, etc.); to be situated (in, on) ; to be (in difficulties, the lead, etc.); to put oneself (in a position or situation); to take up (a position, post, etc.); to position oneself ; to leave (to do something) ; to depart (on a journey, trip, etc.); to leave; to set off; to start ; to get stuck (into; of an arrow, thorn etc.); to pierce ; to develop (of a haze, waves, etc.); to form (of steam, bubbles, etc.); to appear (of a rainbow, clouds, etc.); to rise (of smoke, waves, etc.); to begin to blow (of a wind, breeze, etc.) ; to spread (of a rumour, reputation, etc.); to be become widely known ; to stand (for election); to run ; to take action; to act; to rise (up); to rouse oneself

白髪(しらが)

| x5 | Rank #11,239

white hair; grey hair; gray hair

少(しょう)年(ねん)

| x2 | Rank #1,776

boy ; juvenile; child

背(はい)後(ご)

| x11 | Rank #3,204

back; rear ; background; behind the scenes

蒼(あお)

| x1 | Rank #12,889

blue; azure ; green ; green light (traffic) ; black (horse coat color) ; blue 5-point card ; immature; unripe; young

髪(かみ)

| x10 | Rank #1,217

hair (on the head)

少(しょう)女(じょ)

| x15 | Rank #1,726

girl (usu. between 7 and 17); young lady ; female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryō period)

両(りょう)者(しゃ)

| x3 | Rank #6,124

pair; the two; both persons; both things

どちらとも

| x1 | Rank #23,836

both

今(いま)に

| x1 | Rank #5,905

before long; even now

飛(と)ぶ

| x6 | Rank #841

to fly; to soar ; to jump; to leap; to spring; to bound; to hop ; to spatter; to scatter; to splash; to fly (e.g. of sparks) ; to hurry; to rush ; to flee; to run off; to escape ; to disappear; to vanish; to fade; to thin out ; to break off; to come off; to fall off; to blow (of a fuse) ; to be sent out (of an order); to fly (of false rumours, catcalls, etc.) ; to come flying (of a punch, kick, etc.) ; to be missing (of a page, stitch, etc.); to skip; to jump (e.g. of a conversation)

掛(かか)る

| x4 | Rank #33,533

to take (a resource, e.g. time or money) ; to hang ; to come into view; to arrive ; to come under (a contract, a tax) ; to start (engines, motors) ; to attend; to deal with; to handle ; to have started to; to be on the verge of ; to overlap (e.g. information in a manual); to cover ; to (come) at ; to be fastened

な

| x69 | Rank #251

greens; vegetables ; rape (Brassica napus); rapeseed

勢(いきお)い

| x3 | Rank #1,586

force; vigor; vigour; energy; spirit; life ; influence; authority; power; might ; impetus; momentum; course (of events) ; naturally; necessarily

で

| x418 | Rank #36

at; in ; at; when ; by; with ; within; in ; and then; so ; and; then ; let me tell you; don't you know

取(と)り囲(かこ)む

| x1 | Rank #8,446

to surround; to crowd around; to gather around; to encircle; to besiege

夏(なつ)休(やす)み

| x10 | Rank #3,221

summer vacation; summer holiday

明(あ)ける

| x1 | Rank #4,800

to open (a door, etc.); to unwrap (e.g. parcel, package); to unlock ; to open (for business, etc.) ; to empty; to remove; to make space; to make room ; to move out; to clear out ; to be away from (e.g. one's house); to leave (temporarily) ; to dawn; to grow light ; to end (of a period, season) ; to begin (of the New Year) ; to leave (one's schedule) open; to make time (for) ; to make (a hole); to open up (a hole)

ばかり

| x7 | Rank #339

only; merely; nothing but; no more than ; approximately; about ; just (finished, etc.) ; as if to; (as though) about to; going to; on the point of; at any minute ; indicates emphasis ; always; constantly

だ

| x449 | Rank #8

be; is

と

| x912 | Rank #6

if; when ; and ; with ; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.) ; promoted pawn ; indicates a question

言(い)う

| x126 | Rank #39

to say; to utter; to declare ; to name; to call ; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise

のに

| x16 | Rank #84

although; despite; even though; and yet ; whereas; while ; if only; I wish ; in order to

が

| x1453 | Rank #4

indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn

二人(ふたり)

| x42 | Rank #816

two persons; two people; pair; couple

居(い)る

| x12 | Rank #2,510

to be (of animate objects); to exist ; to stay ; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing

らしい

| x21 | Rank #196

seeming ...; appearing ... ; -ish; like a ...; typical of ...; appropriate for ...; becoming of ...; worthy of the name ...

お前(まえ)ら

| x4 | Rank #704

you (plural)

悪(あく)魔(ま)

| x180 | Rank #2,258

devil; demon; fiend ; Satan; the Devil ; Māra; evil spirits or forces that hinder one's path to enlightenment

って

| x160 | Rank #15

you said; he said; she said; they said ; even if ; do you seriously think that ; I already told you; you should know by now that; of course ; the said ...; said ... ; says that ... ; I hear that ... ; as for the term ... ; as for ...

普(ふ)通(つう)

| x12 | Rank #402

normal; ordinary; regular; usual; common; average ; normally; ordinarily; usually; generally; commonly ; local train; train that stops at every station

人(ひと)

| x31 | Rank #100

person; someone; somebody ; human beings; mankind; man; people; humans ; human (Homo sapiens) ; (other) people; others ; character; personality; nature ; capable person; competent person; suitable person; right person ; adult; grown-up ; I; me; one

聞(き)く

| x26 | Rank #93

to hear ; to listen (e.g. to music) ; to ask; to enquire; to query ; to hear about; to hear of; to learn of ; to follow (advice, order, etc.); to obey; to listen to; to comply with ; to hear (e.g. a plea); to grant (a request); to accept (e.g. an argument); to give consideration to ; to smell (esp. incense); to sample (a fragrance) ; to taste (alcohol); to try

失(しっ)笑(しょう)

| x1 | Rank #23,313

laughing at an inappropriate time; not being able to hold back one's laughter ; scornful laughter; snicker; snigger

発(はつ)言(げん)

| x1 | Rank #2,433

statement; remark; observation; utterance; speech; proposal

だが

| x85 | Rank #257

but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that

こちら

| x26 | Rank #253

this way; this direction ; here ; this (one) ; I; me; we; us ; this person

問(と)いかけ

| x3 | Rank #10,986

query; interrogation; enquiry; question; inquiry

何(なに)

| x92 | Rank #26

what ; you-know-what; that thing ; whatsit; whachamacallit; what's-his-name; what's-her-name ; penis; (one's) thing; dick ; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest ; what?; huh? ; hey!; come on! ; oh, no (it's fine); why (it's nothing); oh (certainly not)

答(こた)える

| x13 | Rank #720

to answer; to reply

首(くび)

| x15 | Rank #879

neck ; head ; dismissal (from a job); firing; sacking

捻(ひね)る

| x1 | Rank #13,164

to twist; to wrench; to turn (a tap, switch, etc.) ; to twist (a body part); to bend; to sprain ; to strangle (to death); to wring (an animal's neck) ; to defeat easily; to beat ; to make (a problem, design, etc.) intricate; to make peculiar; to make complicated ; to manage to compose (a haiku, song, etc.) ; to wrap (a monetary gift) in paper

表(ひょう)情(じょう)

| x18 | Rank #1,679

facial expression; countenance ; look; appearance; expression (vocal, etc.)

窺(うかが)う

| x4 | Rank #9,633

to peep (through); to peek; to examine (esp. covertly) ; to await (one's chance) ; to guess; to infer; to gather; to surmise

眉(まゆ)

| x2 | Rank #6,801

eyebrow; eyebrows

ひと

| x5 | Rank #723

another person; other people; others ; unrelated person (i.e. not related by blood) ; outsider; stranger

つ

| x19 | Rank #334

Tsu (city in Mie) ; harbour; harbor; port ; ferry

動(うご)かす

| x2 | Rank #1,231

to move; to shift; to stir; to budge; to change position ; to inspire; to rouse; to move (e.g. feeling); to influence ; to change; to alter; to deny ; to operate; to set in motion; to get going ; to mobilize (e.g. troops); to mobilise; to deploy ; to manage (e.g. funds)

ただ

| x8 | Rank #160

ordinary; common; usual ; free of charge ; unaffected; as is; safe ; only; merely; just; simply ; but; however; nevertheless

真(しん)剣(けん)

| x6 | Rank #1,782

serious; earnest ; real sword (as opposed to a wooden practice weapon)

瞳(ひとみ)

| x11 | Rank #2,579

pupil (of the eye) ; one's eyes

見(み)据(す)える

| x3 | Rank #7,470

to stare fixedly at; to fix one's gaze on ; to make sure of; to set one's eyes on (e.g. the future); to focus on

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