Jiten beta

indicates possessive ; nominalizes verbs and adjectives ; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases ; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion ; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis ; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question

サブ

x1 | Rank #12,450

sub; substitute; reserve; backup ; sub-

かる

x2 | Rank #8,231

to cut (grass, hair, etc.); to mow; to clip; to trim; to prune; to shear; to reap; to harvest

冬(とう)期(き)

x2 | Rank #55,220

winter; wintertime; winter term

業(ぎょう)務(む)

x2 | Rank #6,789

business; work; operations; service; duties

報(ほう)告(こく)

x3 | Rank #1,190

report; information

あとがき

x2 | Rank #6,829

afterword; postscript

この

x108 | Rank #28

this ; last (couple of years, etc.); these; past; this ; you (as in "you liar")

あたり

x12 | Rank #1,523

(in the) neighbourhood; neighborhood; vicinity; nearby; surroundings ; around; about; or thereabouts ; for instance; say; such as

土(と)地(ち)

x5 | Rank #2,180

plot of land; lot; soil ; locality; region; place

では

x76 | Rank #67

then; well; so; well then ; bye then ; at; in; by; with; using ; if not ...; unless ...

夏(なつ)

x4 | Rank #1,124

summer

が

x979 | Rank #4

indicates the subject of a sentence ; indicates possession ; but; however; (and) yet; though; although; while ; and ; used after an introductory remark or explanation ; regardless of ...; whether ... (or not); no matter ... ; indicates a desire or hope ; softens a statement ; indicates doubt ; indicates scorn

終(お)わる

x13 | Rank #339

to end; to come to an end; to finish; to close; to be over ; to finish; to complete; to conclude ; to finish doing ; to be past its (one's) prime ; to be awful; to be terrible; to suck; to be hopeless

と

x518 | Rank #6

if; when ; and ; with ; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.) ; promoted pawn ; indicates a question

すぐに

x6 | Rank #347

immediately; right away; at once; instantly

冬(ふゆ)

x10 | Rank #1,774

winter

来(く)る

x9 | Rank #98

to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to arrive ; to come back; to do ... and come back ; to come to be; to become; to get; to grow; to continue ; to come from; to be caused by; to derive from ; to come to (e.g. "when it comes to spinach ...")

そして

x37 | Rank #111

and; and then; thus; and now; and finally

たいてい

x3 | Rank #10,764

mostly; ordinarily; usually; generally ; probably ; most; almost all ; ordinary ; proper; appropriate; moderate

十(じゅう)月(がつ)

x1 | Rank #21,328

October ; tenth month of the lunar calendar

に

x1064 | Rank #5

at (place, time); in; on; during ; to (direction, state); toward; into ; for (purpose) ; because of (reason); for; with ; by; from ; as (i.e. in the role of) ; per; in; for; a (e.g. "once a month") ; and; in addition to ; if; although

なる

x66 | Rank #44

to become; to get; to grow; to turn; to reach; to attain ; to result in; to turn out; to end up; to prove (to be) ; to consist of; to be composed of; to be made up of ; to be completed; to be realized; to succeed; to be attained; to be accomplished ; to change (into); to turn (into); to transform ; to come (to do); to begin (to do); to grow (to do) ; to come to; to amount to; to add up to; to make ; to play (the part of); to act as ; to be used for; to be useful for; to serve as ; to be promoted

かな

x7 | Rank #244

I wonder ; should I?; is it? ; I wish that; I hope that

ら

x5 | Rank #416

pluralizing suffix ; or so; rough indicator of direction, location, amount, etc. ; nominalizing suffix

ないか

x3 | Rank #918

won't; hasn't; isn't; doesn't ; won't you

時(じ)点(てん)

x1 | Rank #2,191

point in time; occasion

で

x461 | Rank #9

at; in ; at; when ; by; with ; within; in ; and then; so ; and; then ; let me tell you; don't you know

雪(ゆき)

x6 | Rank #1,305

snow; snowfall

降(くだ)る

x2 | Rank #2,089

to descend; to go down; to come down ; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.) ; to pass (of time) ; to surrender; to capitulate ; to be less than; to be inferior to ; to have the runs; to have diarrhea ; to pass (in stool); to be discharged from the body ; to depreciate oneself; to be humble

も

x361 | Rank #7

too; also; in addition; as well; (not) either (in a negative sentence) ; both A and B; A as well as B; neither A nor B (in a negative sentence) ; even; as much as; as many as; as far as; as long as; no less than; no fewer than ; even if; even though; although; in spite of ; further; more; again; another; the other

する

x55 | Rank #17

to do; to carry out; to perform ; to cause to become; to make (into); to turn (into) ; to serve as; to act as; to work as ; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.) ; to judge as being; to view as being; to think of as; to treat as; to use as ; to decide on; to choose ; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.) ; to be (in a state, condition, etc.) ; to be worth; to cost ; to pass (of time); to elapse

積(せき)雪(せつ)

x1 | Rank #55,220

fallen snow; snow cover

三(さん)十(じゅう)

x5 | Rank #6,908

thirty; 30 ; 6am

センチ

x3 | Rank #3,847

centimeter; centimetre ; centi-; 10^-2 ; sentimental

幸(さいわ)い

x1 | Rank #3,129

happiness; blessedness; luck; fortune; felicity ; luckily; fortunately

にわか雪(ゆき)

x1 | Rank #222,448

sudden snowfall

一(いち)度(ど)

x4 | Rank #502

once; one time; on one occasion ; temporarily; for a moment ; one degree; one tone; one musical interval

きり

x2 | Rank #2,571

end; finish; place to stop ; bound; limit; end ; delivery date (of a futures contract) ; finale (of a noh song); end of an act (in jōruri or kabuki); final performance of the day (in vaudeville) ; trump card ; king (court card; in mekuri karuta and unsun karuta) ; counter for slices (esp. thick slices); counter for cuts (of fish, meat, etc.) ; only; just ; (ever) since; after ; continuously; remaining (in a particular state)

次(つぎ)に

x2 | Rank #5,641

next; then; after that

本(ほん)格(かく)的(てき)

x5 | Rank #4,776

genuine; real; authentic; standard; orthodox ; full-scale; full-blown; all-out; full-fledged; fully fledged; full; proper; real; earnest; serious

出(だ)す

x14 | Rank #240

to take out; to get out ; to put out; to reveal; to show ; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in ; to publish; to make public ; to send (e.g. letter) ; to produce (a sound); to start (fire) ; to serve (food) ; ... out (e.g. to jump out, to carry out) ; to begin ...; to start to ...; to burst into ...

としても

x6 | Rank #681

even if ...; even supposing that ... ; also as ...; also for ...; also from the position of ...

十(じゅう)一(いち)月(がつ)

x1 | Rank #27,000

November ; eleventh month of the lunar calendar

から

x163 | Rank #12

from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since ; from (originator); by ; because; since ; out of (constituent, part) ; through (e.g. window, vestibule) ; after; since ; expresses sympathy or warning

十(じゅう)二(に)月(がつ)

x2 | Rank #22,972

December ; twelfth month of the lunar calendar

里(り)

x29 | Rank #1,634

Japanese league; ri; old Japanese unit of distance, approx. 3.927 km or 2.44 miles ; neighbourhood (under the ritsuryō system; orig. of 50 homes) ; unit of area (approx. 654 m by 654 m)

人(ひと)々(びと)

x8 | Rank #1,134

people; men and women ; each person; everybody

とる

x6 | Rank #522

to take; to pick up; to grab; to catch; to hold ; to pass; to hand; to give ; to get; to obtain; to acquire; to win; to receive; to earn; to take (e.g. a vacation) ; to adopt (a method, proposal, etc.); to take (a measure, attitude, etc.); to choose ; to remove; to get rid of; to take off ; to take away; to steal; to rob ; to eat; to have (e.g. lunch); to take (e.g. vitamins) ; to pick (e.g. flowers); to gather; to extract (e.g. juice); to catch (e.g. fish); to harvest (a crop) ; to take up (time, space); to occupy; to spare; to set aside ; to secure; to reserve; to save; to put aside; to keep

に備(そな)えて

x2 | Rank #13,683

in preparation (for); in case (of); in the lead-up (to)

準(じゅん)備(び)

x2 | Rank #605

preparation; arrangements; getting ready; provision; setup; reserving

を

x1145 | Rank #3

indicates direct object of action ; indicates subject of causative expression ; indicates an area traversed ; indicates time (period) over which action takes place ; indicates point of departure or separation of action ; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

はじめる

x6 | Rank #2,955

to start; to begin; to commence; to initiate; to originate ; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to establish ; to start ...; to begin to ...

ため

x32 | Rank #191

good; advantage; benefit; welfare ; sake; purpose; objective; aim ; consequence; result; effect ; affecting; regarding; concerning

目(め)安(やす)

x1 | Rank #32,836

criterion; standard; yardstick; reference; aim ; rough estimate; approximation

もの

x123 | Rank #74

thing; object; article; stuff; substance ; one's things; possessions; property; belongings ; things; something; anything; everything; nothing ; quality ; reason; the way of things ; used to emphasize emotion, judgment, etc.; used to indicate a common occurrence in the past (after a verb in past tense); used to indicate a general tendency; used to indicate something that should happen ; item classified as ...; item related to ...; work in the genre of ... ; cause of ...; cause for ... ; somehow; somewhat; for some reason ; really; truly

です

x308 | Rank #19

be; is

食(しょく)料(りょう)

x2 | Rank #4,134

food

たっぷり

x1 | Rank #2,250

plentifully; amply; abundantly; copiously; generously; fully; a lot ; loosely; with room to spare; with enough space; (large) enough ; a good (e.g. two weeks, ten kilometres); a full; at least; no less than

ためこむ

x1 | Rank #64,421

to save up; to stockpile; to stash away; to hoard; to amass; to salt away

のんびり

x2 | Rank #3,245

at leisure; in a relaxed manner; in a carefree manner; quietly; peacefully

インドア

x1 | Rank #35,324

indoor

暮(く)らす

x2 | Rank #1,284

to live; to get along ; to spend (time)

楽(たの)しい

x6 | Rank #474

enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful

季(き)節(せつ)

x1 | Rank #3,545

season; time of year

実(じつ)

x3 | Rank #2,267

truth; reality ; sincerity; honesty; fidelity ; content; substance ; (good) result

待(ま)ち遠(どお)しい

x1 | Rank #23,269

longed-for; anxiously awaited

そう

x72 | Rank #40

in that way; thus; such ; so ; so?

言(い)う

x31 | Rank #50

to say; to utter; to declare ; to name; to call ; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise

寒(さむ)さ

x1 | Rank #6,614

coldness

やっぱり

x10 | Rank #208

as expected; sure enough; just as one thought ; after all (is said and done); in the end; as one would expect; in any case ; too; also; as well; likewise; (not) either ; still; as before ; all the same; even so; still; nonetheless

身(み)に染(し)みる

x1 | Rank #63,321

to sink deeply into one's mind; to come home to; to go to one's heart ; to pierce one's body (e.g. of wind, cold, etc.)

ほど

x33 | Rank #210

extent; degree; measure ; limit; bounds ; (span of) time ; (a) distance ; the state of; the status of; the condition of ; about; around; approximately; or so ; as much as ...; to the extent of ...; like ... ; the more ... the more ...

こんな

x20 | Rank #103

this sort of; this kind of; like this; such

寒(さむ)い

x3 | Rank #1,871

cold (e.g. weather) ; uninteresting (esp. joke); lame; dull; weak; corny

すぎる

x11 | Rank #385

to pass through; to pass by; to go beyond ; to pass (of time); to elapse ; to have expired; to have ended; to be over ; to exceed; to surpass; to be above ; to be no more than ... ; to be excessive; to be too much; to be too ...

時(じ)期(き)

x5 | Rank #1,821

time; season; period; phase; stage

には

x89 | Rank #35

to; for; on; in; at ; in order to; for ; as for; regarding ; while it is (was) the case that ...; indeed ... (but); certainly ... (but)

モコモコ

x1 | Rank #19,830

fluffy ; lumpy (e.g. clothing); uneven; bulging (e.g. muscles)

服(ふく)

x1 | Rank #633

clothes (esp. Western clothes); clothing; dress; costume; suit; outfit ; counter for doses of medicine, gulps of tea, puffs of a cigarette, etc.

着(き)る

x3 | Rank #974

to wear (from the shoulders down); to put on ; to take (the blame, responsibility); to bear

あったかい

x1 | Rank #5,365

warm; mild; (pleasantly) hot ; considerate; kind; genial ; warm (of a colour); mellow ; having enough money

ムートン

x1 | Rank #71,240

sheepskin

手(て)袋(ぶくろ)

x1 | Rank #6,619

glove; mitten; mitt

手(て)編(あ)み

x1 | Rank #47,466

(hand) knitting

マフラー

x2 | Rank #9,805

(thick) scarf; muffler ; muffler (for a vehicle exhaust); silencer

耳(みみ)

x4 | Rank #787

ear ; hearing ; ear (for music, etc.) ; edge; crust; heel (of bread or cheese); selvedge (of woven fabric); selvage ; ear (of a pot, jug, etc.); handle

カバー

x2 | Rank #4,348

cover; covering; dust jacket; wrapper ; covering (a song); cover; cover version ; coverage ; to cover (a loss); to offset; to compensate for (e.g. a weakness); to make up for; to cover for (someone)

完(かん)全(ぜん)武(ぶ)装(そう)

x1 | Rank #44,495

fully armed; armed to the teeth

それでも

x5 | Rank #362

but (still); and yet; nevertheless; even so; notwithstanding

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